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Tourism as an Exit Strategy at Crisis Times  [PDF]
Angela Besana, Anna Maria Bagnasco
Open Journal of Applied Sciences (OJAppS) , 2015, DOI: 10.4236/ojapps.2015.53009
Abstract: The contemporary crisis is giving evidence of failing macroeconomic theories and policies, after decades of focusing on the aggregate domestic demand and the role of the public expenditure. The contemporary crisis has shown the weakness of fiscal policy. With very low interest rates, the monetary policy does not seem to provide an alternative exit strategy out of the crisis, too. In this paper we discuss the hypothesis that GDP can still be a reliable estimate of growth. Nevertheless, at crisis times, only if the focus is on the foreign demand like International Tourism Receipts and Exports, and Exports can be an exit strategy. One component of Exports and International Tourism Receipts are worthy of attention. Thanks to a cluster analysis of per year variations of International Tourism Receipts (ITRs), GDP and Exports (World Bank Database) from 2007 to 2011, average positive variations of GDPs are matching with positive ITRs and Exports for “clusters” of countries. Performances of Europe and USA are worse than China, Brazil, India and South Africa and these continents and countries are separated in two different clusters. This result can be related to an increase of trade in emerging economies more than in mature ones, whose exit out of the crisis is much more demanding. The research confirms that Tourism and Exports are having an impact on the growth at different intensities (Europe and America vs. Asia) at crisis times.
About the Mean Difference of the Inverse Normal Distribution  [PDF]
Giovanni Girone, Angela Maria D’Uggento
Applied Mathematics (AM) , 2016, DOI: 10.4236/am.2016.714130
Abstract: The calculation of the mean difference for the inverse normal distribution can be obtained by a transformation of variable or a hard integration by parts. This paper shows a simpler formula of the mean difference of the inverse normal distribution that highlights the role of the two parameters on the mean difference of the model. It makes it easier to study the relation of the mean difference with the other indexes of variability for the inverse normal distribution.
Plasticidade fenotípica em Amaranthus hybridus L. (Amaranthaceae)
Maluf, Angela Maria;
Acta Botanica Brasilica , 1994, DOI: 10.1590/S0102-33061994000200006
Abstract: during winter, a greenhouse trial was made in order to study the influence of light quality and quantity in the development of six amaranthus hybridus populations (five green and one purple biotypes). comparing plants that received direct insolation in the morning with those that were exposed to direct insolation in the afternoon, an increasing in the life cycle and a reduction in the height of the plants (around 50%), in leaf number (around 25%), in vegetative-k (67 to 90%) and reproductive biomassr (42 to 82) and in total production (51 to 83%) were observed in the first group of plants. however, reduction of the r/k relation reached the maximum of 50%, althougt some populations did not show this reduction but an increasing in this relation. amaranthus hybridus, as a weed r-strategist plant, showed a high phenotypic plasticity and under stress conditions the plant metabolism seems to be deviated towards reproductive structures in detriment of the vegetative growth.
A DESCENTRALIZA？？O COMO EIXO DAS REFORMAS DO ENSINO: UMA DISCUSS？O DA LITERATURA
Martins, Angela Maria;
Educa？？o & Sociedade , 2001, DOI: 10.1590/S0101-73302001000400003
Abstract: this text discusses the instrumental use of the concept of decentralization. as a rule, this term has been used pragmatically as a synonym for de-concentration, and lately as a warrant of school autonomy. these controversies are discussed on the basis of documents from multilateral organizations and the literature in these areas. this is an attempt to design a brief panel where questions could originate and illuminate the possible relationships between the international directives ？ invariably produced within organizations headquartered in developed countries ？ and the policies implemented by the peripheral countries and, less obvious, to assess the implementation of such policies.
O contexto escolar e a dinamica de órg？os colegiados: uma contribui？？o ao debate sobre gest？o de escolas
Martins, Angela Maria;
Ensaio: Avalia？？o e Políticas Públicas em Educa？？o , 2008, DOI: 10.1590/S0104-40362008000200003
Abstract: this text analyses data obtained through research on the state center of technological education paula souza, in the state of s？o paulo, jurisdiction over technique schools; in the attempt to comprehend the tension that appears in the school context concerning the relation between directors, teachers, pedagogic coordinators, parents and students when they are congregate in collegiate agencies and in pedagogic meetings. a bigger study was integrated to this research in order to verify the issues which affect the school management and the building process of the pedagogic, financial and administrative autonomy of the technique schools based on their relations with the main agencies (degree and level of autonomy in the curricular organization and in the issues related to financing and school management); the internal democracy indicators; the directors relation with parents, teachers and students; the relationship between teachers and students; the workings of collegiate agencies; the partnerships, the external assessment of the management; the teachers' and students' opinion about the idea of a good director; the directors' idea of good teachers and good students. as we had already mentioned, this text will only discuss some issues that affect the working of the collegiate agencies in the school context.
Obsess？es e desvarios na obra de Veronica Stigger
Dias, Angela Maria;
Alea : Estudos Neolatinos , 2011, DOI: 10.1590/S1517-106X2011000100009
Abstract: the interpretation of some short stories by veronica stigger in this paper focuses on her use of obsessive and excessive components in the construction of characters and minimalist plots to consider the author's style as an attempt of conciliation between the melodramatic and expressionist modes. in its emphatic codes and through the tendency to the "ecstatic paroxysm" inherent to the silent sublimity of the tableau, stigger's work criticizes the limits of conventional realism and creates a neo-expressionist diction, as it recaptures the aesthetic of melodrama.
Diretrizes curriculares nacionais para o ensino médio: avalia？？o de documento
Martins, Angela Maria;
Cadernos de Pesquisa , 2000, DOI: 10.1590/S0100-15742000000100004
Abstract: this text offers some contributions to the debate on the changes proposed to the national curricular directives to reform secondary education in brazil. in the first part, the political and economic scene is evaluated as the context which generated the last stage of reforms in the educational field in the 90s. it questions the option for a model of structural reform (in the brazilian case more restricted to the program for reform of professional education - proep) and of the curriculum, whose themes find their justification in the contemporary economic, social cultural and political context. it discusses the use of a "model" that bases itself on experiences developed in other countries and takes the international orientation of the multilateral organizations as its theoretical methodological reference, leaving out the peculiarities and injunctions of the brazilian political administrative system. such a policy measure can increase the tension and distance normally existing between government programs and the possibility of their real implementation in the school network. in the second part, it discusses the resolution of the national education council, the congress on basic education, no.3, of 16.698 that instituted the national curricular directives for secondary education, as well as the legal bases - part i - of the national curricular parameters for secondary education. the analysis of official discourse takes bardin's (1977, p. 209) proposals as its methodological reference for the models of structural analysis, seeking to make the implicit values and the connotations of the legal texts explicit
Autonomia e educa？？o: a trajetória de um conceito
Martins, Angela Maria;
Cadernos de Pesquisa , 2002, DOI: 10.1590/S0100-15742002000100009
Abstract: historically, the concept of autonomy has been constructed within the context of the different cultural, economic and political characteristics that have comprised societies over the course of history. this article seeks first to reveal their meaning in the course of historical, political and philosophical thinking. an understanding of their theoretical construction and trajectory is of fundamental importance to be able to discuss the possible connections between the concept and its instrumental use in the area of education.
Uma análise da municipaliza？？o do ensino no Estado de S？o Paulo
Martins, Angela Maria;
Cadernos de Pesquisa , 2003, DOI: 10.1590/S0100-15742003000300011
Abstract: the text discusses some results of a more comprehensive research aimed to assess the implementation of a state-municipalities agreement to provide elementary education in the state of s？o paulo. considering the political-administrative context, as well as data on schools assignments from state to local schools, the original study searched to identify the characteristics of the management process of two municipalities, chosen on the basis of their elementary schooling coverage, their policies on teacher's continued education and the cities taxpayer profile. this article focuses specially on the characteristics of the two municipal education departments management process, based on interviews with the departments' main authorities, members of the municipal board of education and school principals and vice - principals.
Gest？o de escola pública: análise de uma proposta de interven？？o
Martins, Angela Maria;
Cadernos de Pesquisa , 2007, DOI: 10.1590/S0100-15742007000300010
Abstract: the aim of this text is to broaden the perspective of the analysis of a tension area that has emerged in the school environment, by means of two movements: a. the resignification, rereading or reinterpretation processes of the set of rules and regulations by teachers, principals, and coordinators of public schools; b. the way they apply such processes to their teaching and management practices, considering the contexts in which they have been educated and practised their profession. it was assumed that in such setting working relationships are established on one tripod: a. the set of laws and regulations (predictable and relatively stable, given that their modification requires political negotiation processes and/or changes in the executive sphere); b. the informal regulations which are set and negotiated among counterparts on a daily basis in face of real work situations (unpredictable); c. the social and economic factors that determine an increasingly unpredictable area of unique practices given the deepening of the social, economic and value crisis which pervade contemporary capitalism.
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